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[[2ストローク]]ガソリンエンジンの行程では、ピストンの上昇に伴って混合気がクランクケースに吸い込まれ、[[ピストン]]が下降する際に[[混合気]]は圧縮されてシリンダーへ送られる<ref name=howstuffworks>[http://science.howstuffworks.com/two-stroke5.htm The Compression Stroke in Two-stroke Engines] at [[:en:HowStuffWorks]]</ref>。このため、クランクケースは気密性が保たれ、吸入口には逆流を防ぐ[[リードバルブ]]が設けられている。クランクケースによる圧縮は'''一次圧縮'''と呼ばれ、掃気を行うために必要な圧力を生んでいる<ref name=howstuffworks/><ref>{{Citation | year=2014 | title=鉄馬メカニズム講座 The History of Harley-Davidson | magazine=CLUB HARLEY | volume= | issue=2014年9月 | pages=99}}</ref>。混合気の吸入と一次圧縮を行うことから、[[オイル]]をクランクケースに溜めることができず、混合気に混ぜて供給される。クランクケースを潤滑したオイルは混合気とともに燃焼室へ送られて燃焼される。
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