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<div>'''極性'''<br />
<br />
#物理学及び化学の用語。この項で解説する。<br />
#生物学の用語としては、1.の転用。（[[再生 (生物学)|再生]]および[[細胞極性]]の記事を参照）<br />
#言語学の用語としては、叙述を肯定するか否定するかという要素のことを指す。[[極性 (言語学)]]を参照。<br />
<br />
----<br />
'''極性'''（きょくせい ''polarity''）は分子内に存在する電気的な[[偏り]]のことで、[[電気双極子|電気双極子モーメント]]によって生まれる。電気双極子モーメントは[[誘電率]]を大きくするから、誘電率は極性の高低の指標となる。<br />
<br />
極性を持った物質の例として[[水]](H<sub>2</sub>O)が挙げられる。水分子において[[酸素]](O)の原子核は[[水素]](H)の電子を引き付けるため、酸素は負の電気的な偏りを持ち、逆に水素は正の電気的な偏りを持つことになる。<br />
<br />
極性は溶解や反応を考える際に重要で、例えば高極性物質は高極性溶媒に溶解しやすいが、低極性溶媒には溶解しにくいという性質がある。<br />
<br />
== 関連項目 ==<br />
*[[極性分子]]<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:きよくせい}}<br />
<br />
{{sci-stub}}<br />
[[Category:電磁気学]]<br />
[[Category:化学]]<br />
<br />
[[fr:Polarité]]<br />
[[ru:Полярность]]<br />
[[sv:Polaritet]]<br />
[[uk:Полярність]]</div>240F:77:BE3:1:4072:258:4D96:A0D0 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/WebResponse.php on line 46