Warning: Undefined variable $type in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php on line 3

Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/json/FormatJson.php on line 297

Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type bool in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/Setup.php on line 660

Warning: session_name(): Session name cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/Setup.php on line 834

Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 126

Warning: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 127

Warning: session_cache_limiter(): Session cache limiter cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 133

Warning: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 140

Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/languages/LanguageConverter.php on line 773

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/Feed.php on line 294

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/Feed.php on line 300

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/WebResponse.php on line 46

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/WebResponse.php on line 46

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/WebResponse.php on line 46
http:///mymemo.xyz/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=133.86.29.10 miniwiki - 利用者の投稿記録 [ja] 2024-06-06T03:36:17Z 利用者の投稿記録 MediaWiki 1.31.0 クロネッカー・ウェーバーの定理 2017-10-27T05:40:37Z <p>133.86.29.10: </p> <hr /> <div>[[代数的整数論]]において、すべての[[円分体]]は[[有理数|有理数体]] &#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039; の[[アーベル拡大]]であることが示せる。&#039;&#039;&#039;クロネッカー・ウェーバーの定理&#039;&#039;&#039; (Kronecker–Weber theorem) は、この逆を部分的に与えるもので、&#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039; の[[アーベル拡大体]]はある円分体に含まれるという定理である。言い換えると、有理数体上の拡大体でその[[ガロア群]]が[[アーベル群]]である体に含まれる[[代数的整数]]は、[[1の冪根]]の有理係数による和として表すことができる。例えば、<br /> :&lt;math&gt;\sqrt{5} = e^{2 \pi i / 5} - e^{4 \pi i / 5} - e^{6 \pi i / 5} + e^{8 \pi i / 5}&lt;/math&gt;<br /> である。この定理の名前は[[レオポルト・クロネッカー]] (Leopold Kronecker) と{{仮リンク|ハインリッヒ・マルチン・ウェーバー|en|Heinrich Martin Weber}} (Heinrich Martin Weber) に因んでいる。<br /> <br /> ==体論的定式化==<br /> クロネッカー・ウェーバーの定理は、[[可換体|体]]と[[体の拡大]]のことばで記述することができる。それは、有理数体 &#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039; の有限アーベル拡大は、ある円分体の部分体であるという定理である。つまり、&#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039; 上のガロア群が[[アーベル群]]である[[代数体]]は、ある[[1の冪根|1のべき根]]を有理数体&#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039;に添加して得られる体の部分体である。<br /> <br /> &#039;&#039;&#039;Q&#039;&#039;&#039; のアーベル拡大 &#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039; が与えられると、&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039; を含む&#039;&#039;&#039;最小な&#039;&#039;&#039;円分体が存在する。この定理によって、&#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039; の[[導手]] &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; を 1 の &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; 乗根により生成される体に &#039;&#039;K&#039;&#039; が含まれるような最小の整数 &#039;&#039;n&#039;&#039; として定義できる。例えば、[[二次体]]の導手は、それらの{{仮リンク|代数体の判別式|label=判別式|en|Discriminant of an algebraic number field}}の[[絶対値]]であり、これは[[類体論]]で一般化される事実である。<br /> <br /> ==歴史==<br /> 定理は最初に {{harvs|txt|authorlink=Leopold Kronecker|last=Kronecker|year=1853}} で述べられた。しかし、彼の議論は、次数が2のべきの拡大に対して不完全であった。{{harvs|txt|authorlink=Heinrich Martin Weber|last=Weber|year=1886}} が証明を出版したが、これはいくらかのギャップや誤りを含み、{{harvtxt|Neumann|1981}} により指摘、修正されている。最初に完全な証明をしたのは {{harvs|txt|last=Hilbert|authorlink=David Hilbert|year=1896}} であった。<br /> <br /> ==一般化==<br /> {{harvs|txt|last1=Lubin|last2=Tate|year1=1965|year2=1966}} は、[[局所体]]の任意のアーベル拡大は円分拡大と{{仮リンク|ルービン・テイトの拡大|en|Lubin–Tate extension}}を用いて構成することができるという局所クロネッカー・ウェーバーの定理を証明した。{{harvs|txt|last=Hazewinkel|year=1975}}, {{harvs|txt|last=Rosen|year=1981}}, {{harvs|txt|last=Lubin|year=1981}} は別証明を与えた。<br /> <br /> [[ヒルベルトの第12問題]]は、クロネッカー・ウェーバーの定理を有理数体以外の体を基礎体として一般化することができるかと問い、その体では1のべき根の類似物は何かを問うている。<br /> <br /> ==参考文献==<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Ghate | first1=Eknath | editor1-last=Adhikari | editor1-first=S. D. | editor2-last=Katre | editor2-first=S. A. | editor3-last=Thakur | editor3-first=Dinesh | title=Cyclotomic fields and related topics (Pune, 1999) | url=http://www.math.tifr.res.in/~eghate/kw.pdf | publisher=Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana, Pune |mr=1802379 | year=2000 | chapter=The Kronecker-Weber theorem | pages=135–146}}<br /> *{{cite journal |last=Greenberg |first=M. J. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1974 |month= |title=An Elementary Proof of the Kronecker-Weber Theorem |journal=American Mathematical Monthly |volume=81 |issue=6 |pages=601–607 |doi=10.2307/2319208|quote= |publisher=The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 81, No. 6 |jstor= 2319208 }}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Hazewinkel | first1=Michiel | author-link = Michiel Hazewinkel | title=Local class field theory is easy | doi=10.1016/0001-8708(75)90156-5 |mr=0389858 | year=1975 | journal=Advances in Mathematics | issn=0001-8708 | volume=18 | issue=2 | pages=148–181}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Hilbert | first1=David | author1-link=David Hilbert | title=Ein neuer Beweis des Kronecker&#039;schen Fundamentalsatzes über Abel&#039;sche Zahlkörper. | url=http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?GDZPPN002497263 | language=German | year=1896 | journal=Nachrichten der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen | pages=29–39}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Kronecker | first1=Leopold | author1-link=Leopold Kronecker | title=Über die algebraisch auflösbaren Gleichungen | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Gwi0Wum8LY0C&amp;pg=PA3 | language=German | id=Collected works volume 4 | year=1853 | journal=Berlin K. Akad. Wiss. | pages=365–374}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Kronecker | first1=Leopold | author1-link=Leopold Kronecker | title=Über Abelsche Gleichungen | language=German | id=Collected works volume 4 | year=1877 | journal=Berlin K. Akad. Wiss. | pages=845–851|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Gwi0Wum8LY0C&amp;pg=PA65}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Lemmermeyer | first1=Franz | title=Kronecker-Weber via Stickelberger | url=http://jtnb.cedram.org/item?id=JTNB_2005__17_2_555_0 |mr=2211307 | year=2005 | journal=[[Journal de théorie des nombres de Bordeaux]] | issn=1246-7405 | volume=17 | issue=2 | pages=555–558 | doi=10.5802/jtnb.507}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Lubin | first1=Jonathan | title=The local Kronecker-Weber theorem | url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1998574 | doi=10.2307/1998574 |mr=621978 | year=1981 | journal=[[Transactions of the American Mathematical Society]] | issn=0002-9947 | volume=267 | issue=1 | pages=133–138}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Lubin | first1=Jonathan | last2=Tate | first2=John | author2-link=John Tate | title=Formal complex multiplication in local fields | jstor=1970622 | mr=0172878 | year=1965 | journal=[[Annals of Mathematics|Annals of Mathematics. Second Series]] | issn=0003-486X | volume=81 | pages=380–387}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Lubin | first1=Jonathan | last2=Tate | first2=John | author2-link=John Tate | title=Formal moduli for one-parameter formal Lie groups | url=http://www.numdam.org/item?id=BSMF_1966__94__49_0 | mr=0238854 | year=1966 | journal=Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France | issn=0037-9484 | volume=94 | pages=49–59}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Neumann | first1=Olaf | title=Two proofs of the Kronecker-Weber theorem &quot;according to Kronecker, and Weber&quot; | url=http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?GDZPPN002198282 | doi=10.1515/crll.1981.323.105 |mr=611446 | year=1981 | journal=[[Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik]] | issn=0075-4102 | volume=323 | pages=105–126}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Rosen | first1=Michael | title=An elementary proof of the local Kronecker-Weber theorem | url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1999753 | doi=10.2307/1999753 |mr=610968 | year=1981 | journal=[[Transactions of the American Mathematical Society]] | issn=0002-9947 | volume=265 | issue=2 | pages=599–605}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Šafarevič | first1=I. R. | title=A new proof of the Kronecker-Weber theorem | url=http://mi.mathnet.ru/eng/tm/v38/p382 | publisher=Izdat. Akad. Nauk SSSR | location=Moscow | language=Russian | series=Trudy Mat. Inst. Steklov. |mr=0049233 English translation in his Collected Mathematical Papers | year=1951 | volume=38 | pages=382–387}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Schappacher | first1=Norbert | title=Matériaux pour l&#039;histoire des mathématiques au XX&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; siècle (Nice, 1996) | url=http://www.emis.de/journals/SC/1998/3/html/smf_sem-cong_3_243-273.html | publisher=[[Société Mathématique de France]] | location=Paris | series=Sémin. Congr. | isbn=978-2-85629-065-1 |mr=1640262 | year=1998 | volume=3 | chapter=On the history of Hilbert&#039;s twelfth problem: a comedy of errors | pages=243–273}}<br /> *{{Citation | last1=Weber | first1=H. | title=Theorie der Abel&#039;schen Zahlkörper | language=German | doi=10.1007/BF02417089 | year=1886 | journal=[[Acta Mathematica]] | issn=0001-5962 | volume=8 | pages=193–263}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:くろねつかあうええはあのていり}}<br /> [[Category:類体論]]<br /> [[Category:円分体]]<br /> [[Category:代数的整数論の定理]]<br /> [[Category:数学に関する記事]]</div> 133.86.29.10
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/extensions/HeadScript/HeadScript.php:3) in /home/users/1/sub.jp-asate/web/wiki/includes/WebResponse.php on line 46